The Land of our Ancestors
A TNGenWeb Project History Presentation

From 1729 to 1749, the dividing line between Virginia and North Carolina was based on the 1728 survey “from the Sea to Peters Creek” by the Honorable William Byrd, William Dandridge and Richard Fitzwilliams, Commissioners, and Mr. Alexander Irvine and Mr. William Mayo, surveyors. During this period, white settlements on both sides of the line had already extended much further west than Peter’s Creek as is shown in a map drawn by Joshua Fry and Peter Jefferson in 1751 which included Mulberry Fields on the Yadkin River in present-day Wilkes County, North Carolina, executed after “The Line between Virginia and North Carolina, from Peters Creek to Steep Rock Creek, being 90 Miles and 280 Poles, was Survey’d in 1749 By William Churton and Daniel Weldon of North Carolina and Joshua Fry and Peter Jefferson of Virginia.” Steep Rock Creek is present-day Laurel Creek in Johnson, Tennessee’s northeasternmost county, and stopping there was clearly short-sighted given Colonel James Patton’s 1,946 acre Virginia grant of 1744, which included the Sapling Grove tract that is today part of Bristol, Sullivan County, Tennessee. (See Squabble State)

Later in 1749, Peter Jefferson (father of future U.S. President Thomas Jefferson) and Joshua Fry, along with Dr. Thomas Walker of Albemarle County (1714-1794), James Maury, Thomas Meriwether (grandfather of Meriwether Lewis) and others, established the Loyal Company with the purpose of petitioning for a large grant of land west of the Allegheny Mountains. On 12 Jul 1749, the Council of the Province of Virginia authorized the Loyal Company to enter and survey 800,000 acres of the public domain on the “western waters” (located along the southern border of Virginia, now southeastern Kentucky), but with a provision that required settlement of the land within four years, during which time period the Company would be permitted to make surveys and returns.

Dr. Walker was employed by the Loyal Company to determine the locations of the settlements, not only because he was a member of the company, but also because he was an experienced surveyor and had already traversed the western country at least once, in 1748 in the company of Col. James Patton, Colonel Patton’s son-in-law, John Buchanan, Charles Campbell and longhunter John Findlay, at which time they had explored the western country as far south as the “Fork Country of the Holston” (present-day Kingsport, Sullivan County, Tennessee).

Dr. Walker’s journal of his 1750 travels was preserved by his family, and first published in 1888 by his descendant, William Cabell Rives, a limited edition according to Williams, who published the Tennessee portion of the Journal (21 Mar – 14 Apr) in his “Early Travels in the Tennessee Country” (The Watauga Press, Johnson City, Tennessee, 1928, pp. 165-174). The following year, Lewis Preston published the journal in his “Annals of Southwest Virginia, 1769-1800,” (Vol. I, pp. 8-26, Abingdon, Virginia, 1928). Williams’s edition included an introduction to the journal, and both Williams and Summers footnoted heavily.

Dr. Walker continued to represent the Loyal Company for many years to come, including in 1779 when he accepted a commission on behalf of Virginia to run the state line between Virginia and North Carolina west from Steep Rock Creek through the Cumberland Gap and, ultimately, to the Mississippi River. In his “Early Travels of the Tennessee Country,” Samuel Cole Williams notes that Walker “met in contest of wits Judge Richard Henderson, North Carolina’s leading commissioner, who was yet more interested in conserving the claims of his Transylvania Company to that rich country that is now middle Tennessee north of the Cumberland River divide,” adding that “the difference and dispute of these two masterful men resulted in the marking of two boundary lines, four miles apart, dealt with by the Supreme Court of the United States in the celebrated case of Virginia v. Tennessee…” (ibid.)

This electronic edition of Dr. Walker’s Journal, prepared from both Williams and Summers, includes both their footnotes and those of this editor.

      Carole Hammett
      Squabble State, Tennessee
      August, 2000